[FIXED] How to add new value to existing dataset so that only the range changes but mean remains the same in R?

Issue

Hi I'm a student studying statistic, as my textbook does not include much of the R coding but more of the basic calculation. Hence, would like to ask if it is there a way in R, for adding additional number to the existing generated set with specific mean and range?

1(a) Apply R to simulate a set of 100 numbers, with mean value of 20 and standard deviation of 2. List out the set of numbers.

> x <- rnorm(100,20,2) 
> print(x)
  [1] 20.59256 20.66069 12.68841 21.13575 24.09587 21.69535 20.18661 21.71236 20.92864 19.63182 22.12583 19.06238
 [13] 18.73813 22.59813 17.30012 16.98957 20.74050 21.28319 19.75426 20.62065 20.20814 18.16406 22.24261 22.05673
 [25] 21.27086 18.78538 21.86479 18.03242 21.00538 20.27731 22.59440 23.24389 20.20846 19.73281 19.50040 20.51712
 [37] 20.16493 23.56715 21.25884 18.37542 19.84470 19.81911 16.94701 19.06637 17.74580 18.03151 19.57144 16.45314
 [49] 20.89975 21.86249 17.42996 23.52514 21.17759 20.20160 18.11839 21.69716 16.93685 20.62335 20.37935 22.46131
 [61] 17.78489 19.90424 17.67674 20.20571 21.60567 20.41897 20.25134 22.44366 19.06513 20.62692 24.04101 24.03634
 [73] 20.15566 20.33157 20.22881 20.54014 19.49401 17.34388 19.94099 18.71450 19.24386 19.91813 18.71863 20.94027
 [85] 17.55676 17.18079 24.96868 24.09565 19.87488 20.06114 19.21374 18.39874 21.01435 18.38329 20.91788 21.45158
 [97] 20.43168 21.80438 20.50405 23.07149

(b) Add another 2 numbers to the set simulated in Question 1(a), such that the new set now has (same) mean of 20, but range becomes 200. List out the set of numbers.

Solution

First create reproducible data:

set.seed(42)
x <- rnorm(100,20,2)
mean(x)
# [1] 20.06503
range(x)
# [1] 14.01382 24.57329
(x2 <- mean(x) + c(-100, 100))
# [1] -79.93497 120.06503

To keep the mean the same we need to add points 100 above the mean and 100 below the mean. Fortunately these points lie beyond the original range.

mean(c(x, x2))
# [1] 20.06503
diff(range(c(x, x2)))
# [1] 200

The mean is the same and the range is now 200.

Answered By - dcarlson

Answer Checked By - Gilberto Lyons (PHPFixing Admin)